![]() ![]() Late 1300s The Lollard movement, inspired by John Wycliffe, spreadsįemale visionaries flourish: Catherine of Siena, Bridget of Sweden, and Julian of NorwichĮarly 1400s Reform movements sweep through religious ordersġ098 Anselm writes Why Did God Become Man?Ĭ. Late 1200s Thousands of masses endowed for the dead in purgatoryġ347–1350 Black Death kills one-third of Europe, sparking flagellant processions and attacks on Jews These wars served to unite Western Europe against a shared enemy. Starting around the 14th century, European thinkers, writers and artists began to look back and celebrate the art and culture of ancient Greece and Rome. People in the Renaissance named the period the Middle Ages because it was considered a culturally empty time that separated the Renaissance from the Classical. The Crusades Timeline Home > Timelines > The Crusades Timeline The Crusades Timeline Timeline Description: The Crusades were a series of wars, from the early through the late Middle Ages, intended to retake Jerusalem and other historically Christian sites from Muslim forces. Mid–1200s Flagellant processions spread and inspire lay religious societies (confraternities) The phrase Middle Ages tells us more about the Renaissance that followed it than it does about the era itself. Growing devotion to Communion leads to creation of Feast of Corpus Christi 1200 The doctrine of purgatory takes shapeĮarly 1200s Francis of Assisi and Dominic of Calaruega found religious orders dedicated to apostolic poverty and preaching ![]() Mid–1100s Cathar and Waldensian movements spreadīernard of Clairvaux inspires reform in the Cistercian orderĬ. 1050 Growing popularity of pilgrimages to Rome, Santiago de Compostela (in Spain), and the Holy Landġ096 Peter the Hermit leads the “People’s Crusade” to disaster 1000 Christian laity seek a more active religious roleĬ. 1150 Universities of Paris and Bologna founded they take the lead in scholastic theology and canon lawġ198–1216 Innocent III, greatest lawyer pope, raises papacy’s power to its heightġ215 Fourth Lateran Council declares transubstantiation, obliges Christians to confess sins and receive Communion once a year, and proclaims a crusade against heretical Catharsġ294 In reaction to church legalism and bureaucracy, pious hermit Peter Morone is elected pope (Celestine V) after five disastrous months, he resignsġ300 Pope Boniface VIII proclaims first jubilee year offers plenary indulgence to pilgrims who come to Rome thousands comeġ305–1377 The “Babylonian Captivity”-the pope resides at Avignon, Franceġ377 Pope returns to Rome the next year Great Papal Schism opens-Christendom divided between two (and after 1409, three) rival popesġ414–1418 The Council of Constance restores church unity burns Jan Hus for heresy.Ĭ. 1000 Society composed of three orders: those who pray, those who fight, those who workġ073–1085 Pope Gregory VII presses to end simony (sale of church offices), enforce clerical celibacy, and establish papal supremacyġ095 Pope Urban II calls for a crusade to aid Eastern Christians threatened by MuslimsĬ.
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